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Suggested Reading

This is an evolving list of articles relevant to WAS*IS. This list was generated by WAS*IS organizers, participants, and speakers. By no means is it meant to be comprehensive. Web addresses are provided if available, but please note that most journals require institutional subscriptions, so you may not be able to access all of them.

Weather and Societal Impacts (General)

Anderson-Berry, L., T. Keenan, J. Bally, R. Pielke Jr., R. Leigh, and D. King, 2004: The Societal, Social, and Economic Impacts of the World Weather Research Programme Sydney 2000 Forecast Demonstration Project (WWRP S2000 FDP) . Weather and Forecasting, 19:168-178.
Desmond, N., Solomon, A., Massae, P., Lema, N., Anemona, A., Foster, A., and Mabey, D., 2005: Acceptability of azithromycin for the control of trachoma in Northern Tanzania. Social Science and Medicine, 99:656-663.(or online here)
Glantz, M., 2005: How Much Weather News Can America Stand?
Meehl, G., T. Karl, D. Easterling, S. Changnon, R. Pielke Jr., D. Changnon, J. Evans, P. Groisman, T. Knutson, K. Kunkel, L. Mearns, C. Parmesan, R. Pulwarty, T. Root, R. Sylves, P. Whetton, and F. Zwiers, 2000: An Introduction to Trends in Extreme Weather and Climate Events: Observations, Socioeconomic Impacts, Terrestrial Ecological Impacts, and Model Projections . Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 81: 413-416. (or online here)
Pielke, Jr., R. and R. Carbone, 2002: Weather Impacts, Forecasts, and Policy: An Integrated Perspective. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 83:393-403. (or online here).
Pielke, Jr., R., 1997: Asking the Right Questions: Atmospheric Sciences Research and Societal Needs. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 78, 255-264.
Zielinski-Gutierrez, E. and Hayden, M, 2005: A Model for Defining West Nile Virus Risk Perception based on Ecology and Proximity. EcoHealth, in press.

Communicating with Public and Private Users

Changnon, D., 2004: Improving Outreach in Atmospheric Sciences. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 85, 601-606.
Rayner, S., D. Lach, and H. Ingram, 2005: Weather Forecasts Are For Wimps: Why Water Resource Managers Do Not Use Climate Forecasts.” Climatic Change, 69: 197-227.
Ryan, R. 2003: Digital Forecasts: Communication, Public Understanding, and Decision Making. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84:1001-1003.

Communicating Uncertainty

Downton, M., R. Morss, O. Wilhelmi, E. Gruntfest, and M. Higgins, 2005: Interactions Between Scientific Uncertainty and Flood Management Decisions: Two Case Studies in Colorado (submitted to Environmental Hazards)
Friday, Jr., E. (rapporteur), 2003: Communicating Uncertainties in Weather and Climate Information: A Workshop Summary. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.
Moss, R. and S. Schneider, 2000: Uncertainties in the IPCC TAR: Recommendations to Lead Authors for More Consistent Assessment and Reporting.

Decision Analysis and Decision Making

Klein, G., 1997: Sources of Power – How People Make Decisions. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
McCarthy, D., 2002: The Role of Ground-Truth Reports in the Warning Decision-Making Process during the 3 May 1999 Oklahoma Tornado Outbreak. Weather and Forecasting, 17: 647–649.
Morss, R.E., O. V. Wilhelmi, M. W. Downton, and E. Grunfest, 2005: Flood risk, uncertainty, and scientific information for decision-making: Lessons from an interdisciplinary project. Bulletin of American Meteorological Society, in press.
Pielke Jr., R., D. Sarewitz, and R. Byerly Jr., 2000: Decision Making and the Future of Nature: Understanding and Using Predictions. Chapter 18 in Sarewitz, D., R. A. Pielke Jr., and R. Byerly Jr., (eds.), Prediction: Science Decision Making and the Future of Nature. Island press: Washington, DC.
Roncoli, C, K. Ingram, and P. Kirshen, 2002: Reading the Rains: Local Knowledge and Rainfall Forecasting among Farmers of Burkina Faso. Society and Natural Resources, 15: 411-430.
Sarewitz, D., R. Pielke, Jr., R. Byerly (eds.), 2000: Prediction: Science, Decision Making, and the Future of Nature. Washington, D.C.: Island Press.
Stewart, T. and A. Bostrum, 2002: Extreme Event Decision-Making. Workshop report, 29 pp.
Stewart, T., R. Pielke Jr., and R. Nath, 2004: Understanding User Decision Making and the Value of Improved Precipitation Forecasts: Lessons From a Case Study. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 85: 223–235.

Drought

Hayes, M. J., O.V. Wilhelmi, and C.L. Knutson, 2003: Reducing drought risk: Bridging theory and practice. Natural Hazards Review, 5:106–113.

Economics

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2006: Economic Statistics for NOAA.
Cutter, S., and C. Emrich, 2005: Are Natural Hazards and Disaster Losses in the U.S. Increasing? EOS, October 11, 86: 381,388-389. (have PDF)
Dutton, J., 2002: Opportunities and Priorities in a New Era For Weather and Climate Services. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 83:1303-1311.
Morss, R., K. Miller, and M. Vasil, 2005: A Systematic Economic Approach to Evaluating Public Investment in Observations for Weather Forecasting. Monthly Weather Review, 133: 374–388.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2005: Economic Statistics for NOAA.
Sutter, D., 2005: The Value of Taking Cover When A Tornado Warning is Issued (unpublished white paper) (have PDF)
Sutter, D., 2005: The Value to Society of Refined Tornado Warnings (unpublished white paper) (have PDF)

Education

Changnon, D., 1998: Design and Test of a “Hands-on” Applied Climate Course in an Undergraduate Meteorology Program. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 79, 79-84.
Schultz, D. M., 2004: Historical Research in the Atmospheric Sciences: The Value of Literature Reviews, Libraries, and Librarians. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 85, 995-999. (or online here)

Floods and Flash Floods

Antoine, J-M., B. Desailly, and F. Gazelle, 2001: Les crues meurtrières, du Roussillon aux Cévennes (Lethal Floods from Roussillon to Cevennes. Annales de Géographie, 622: 597-623. (have PDF)
Carsell, K., N. Pingel, and D. Ford, 2004: Quantifying the Benefits of a Flood Warning System. Natural Hazards Review, 5: 131-140. (have PDF)
David Ford Consulting Engineers, Inc. and OneRain, Inc., 2004: Flood Warning For Low Water Crossings: San Bernardino County/Morongo Basin. 97 pp. (have PDF)
David Ford Consulting Engineers, Inc. and Riverside Technology, Inc., 2004: Evaluation of National Weather Service Flood Severity Categories and Use of Gage Station Flood History Information. 90 pp. (have PDF)
Delrieu, G., V. Ducrocq, E. Gaume, J. Nicol, O. Payrastre, E. Yates, P.-E. Kirstetter, H. Andrieu, P. A. Ayral, C. Bouvier, J. D. Creutin, M. Livet, A. Anquetin, M. Lang, L. Neppel, C. Obled, J. Parent-du-Chatelet, G. M. Saulnier, A. Walpersdorf, and W. Wobrock, 2005: The Catastrophic Flash-Flood Event of 8-9 September 2002 in the Gard Region, France: A First Case Study for the Cévennes-Vivarais Mediterranean Hydro-Meteorological Observatory. Journal of Hydrometeorology, 6:34-52.
Grigg, N., N. Doesken, D. Frick, M. Grimm, M. Hilmes, T. McKee, and K. Oltjenbruns, 1999: Fort Collins Flood 1997: Comprehensive View of an Extreme Event. Journal of Water ResourcesPlanning and Management, Sep-Oct, 255-262
Gruntfest, E., K. Carsell, and T. Plush, 2002: An Evaluation of the Boulder Creek Local Flood Warning System. 110 pp.
Jonkman, S. and I. Kelman, 2005: An Analysis of Causes and Circumstances of Flood Disaster Deaths. Disasters, 29: 75-97. (have PDF)
Montz, B.E., and E. Gruntfest, 2002: Flash Flood Mitigation: Recommendations for Research and Applications.Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards, 4:15-22.
Parker, D., and J.W. Handmer, 1998: The Role of Unofficial Flood Warning Systems. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management. 6:45-60.
Petersen, W., L. Carey, S. Rutledge, J. Knievel, R. Johnson, N. Doesken, T. McKee, T. Vonder Haar, and J. Weaver, 1999: Mesoscale and Radar Observations of the Fort Collins Flash Flood of 28 July 1997. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 80: 191–216.
Pielke, Jr., R., 1999: Who Decides? Forecasts and Responsibilities in the 1997 Red River Flood. American Behavioral Science Review, 7: 83-101.
Staes, C., J. Orengo, J. Malilay, J. Rullan, and E. Noji, 1994: Deaths due to Flash-Floods in Puerto-Rico, January 1992: Implications for Prevention. International Journal of Epidemiology, 23: 968-975.
Weaver, J., E. Gruntfest, and G. Levy, 2000: Two Floods in Fort Collins, Colorado: Learning from a Natural Disaster. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 81: 2359–2366.

GIS

Wilhelmi, O., K. Purvis, and R. Harriss, 2004: Designing a Geospatial Information Infrastructure for Mitigation of Heat Wave Hazards in Urban Areas. Natural Hazards Review, 5: 147-158.
Wilhelmi, O.V and J.C. Brunskill, 2003: Geographic Information Systems in Weather, Climate, and Impacts. Bulletin of American Meteorological Society, 84:1409–1414.

Hurricanes

AMS, 2005: New Orleans, Hurricanes, and Climate Change: A Question of Resiliency. Seminar flyer available online.
Bialik, C., 2005: In Hurricane Forecasting, Science Is Far From Exact. Wall Street Journal, June 8.
Cenziper, D., 2005: Widespread Hurricane Warnings Can Breed Complacency. Miami Herald, October 11.
Chamberlin, B., S. Chidzambwa, D. Nelun Fernando, J. Green, A. Hannon, R. Harris, E. Holthaus, K. Morebotsane, I. Ramirez, A. Siebert, and K. Underwood, 2005: Hurricane Katrina: Historic Disaster, National Tragedy. Poster available online.
Pielke, Jr., R., C. Simonpietri, and J. Oxelson, 1999: Thirty Years After Hurricane Camille: Lessons Learned, Lessons Lost. Environmental and Societal Impacts Group, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO.

Learning from Climate

Bales, R., D. Liverman, and B. Morehouse, 2004: Integrated Assessment as a Step Toward Reducing Climate Vulnerability in the Southwestern United States. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 85: 1727–1734.
Changnon, S., 2005: Applied Climatology: The Golden Age Has Begun. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 86, 915-919.
Forest, C., M. Webster, and J. Reilly, 2004: Narrowing Uncertainty in Global Climate Change. The Industrial Physicist, 10: 20-23.
Hartmann, H., T. Pagano, S. Sorooshian, and R. Bales, 2002: Confidence Builders: Evaluating Seasonal Climate Forecasts from User Perspectives. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 83: 683–698.
Lemos, M., T. Finan, R. Fox, D. Nelson, and J. Tucker, 2002: The Use of Seasonal Climate Forecasting in Policymaking: Lessons from Northeast Brazil. Climatic Change, 55: 479-507.
Luseno, W., J. McPeak, C. Barrett, P. Little, and G. Gebru, 2003: Assessing the Value of Climate Forecast Information for Pastoralists: Evidence from Southern Ethiopia and Northern Kenya. World Development, 31: 1477-1494.
McKibbin, W. and P. Wilcoxen, 2002: Climate Change Policy after Kyoto. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution Press. ISBN 0-8157-0607-3.
McRea, R., L. Dalgleidh, and W. Coventry, 2005: Encouraging Use of Seasonal Climate Forecasts by Farmers. International Journal of Climatology, 25:1127–1137.
Meinke, H., and R.C. Stone, 2005: Seasonal and Inter-Annual Climate Forecasting: The New Tool for Increasing Preparedness to Climate Variability and Change in Agricultural Planning and Operations. Climatic Change, 70:221–253.
Moser, S.C., and L. Dilling, 2004: Making Climate Hot: Communicating the Urgency and Challenge of Global Climate Change. Environment, 46:32-46.
Pfaff, A. K. Broad, and M. Glantz, 1999: Who Benefits from Climate Forecasts? Nature, 397:645-646.
Pielke, Jr., R. and D. Sarewitz, 2005. Bringing Society back into the Climate Debate. Population and Environment, 26: 255-268.
Pulwarty, R., 2003: Climate and Water in the West: Science, Information, and Decision-Making. Water Resources Update, 124:4-12.
Sarewitz, D., R. Pielke, Jr., 2000: Breaking the Global-Warming Gridlock. The Atlantic Monthly, 286: 55-64.
Stern, P. and W. Easterling, eds., 1999: Making Climate Forecasts Matter. Washington D.C.: National Academy Press.

Other Hazards

Brooks, H. and J. Craven, 2002: A Database of Proximity Soundings for Significant Severe Thunderstorms. 21st Conference on Severe Local Storms, San Antonio, Texas, American Meteorological Society, 639-642.
Call, D., 2005: Rethinking Snowstorms As “Snow Events:” A Regional Case Study From Upstate New York. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, in press. (have Word doc)
Gratz, J., R. Church, and E. Noble, 2005: Lightning and Large Stadiums. AMS Conference on Meteorological Applications of Lightning Data.
Schmidlin, T., B. Hammer, P. King, Y. Ono, L.S. Miller, and G. Thumann, 2002:Unsafe at Any (Wind) Speed? Testing the Stability of Motor Vehicles in Severe Winds. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 83:1821–1830.
Sorensen, J.H, 2000: Warning Systems ReviewHazard Warning Systems: Review of 20 Years of Progress. Natural Hazards Review 1:119-125.

Policy

Morss, R. and W. Hooke, 2005: The Outlook for U.S. Meteorological Research in a Commercializing World: Fair Early, but Clouds Moving In? Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 86: 921–936.
Pielke Jr., R.D., J. Abraham, E. Abrams, J. Block, R. Carbone, D. Chang, K. Droegemeier, K. Emanuel, E. Friday Jr., R. Gall, J. Gaynor, R Getz, T. Glickman, B. Hoggatt, W. Hooke, E. Johnson, E. Kalnay, J. Kimpel, P. Kocin, B. Marler, R. Morss, R. Nathan, S. Nelson, R. Pielke sr., M. Pirone, E. Prater, W. Qualley, K. Simmons, M. Smith, J. Thomson, and G. Wilson, 2003: The USWRP workshop on the Weather Research Needs of the Private Sector: Meeting Summary. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84 (July): ES53-ES67. (or online here)
Pielke, Jr., R, 2005: Weather and Climate Services: A Last Frontier in Technology Policy. Bulletin of American Meteorological Society, (in press). (have PDF)

Probabilistic Forecasting

Gigerenzer, G., R. Hertwig, E. van den Broek, B. Fasolo, and K. Katsikopoulos, 2003: A 30% Chance of Rain Tomorrow”: How Does the Public Understand Probabilistic Weather Forecasts?”
Doswell, C., and H. Brooks, 1998: Probability Forecasting II (Outlooks, Watches and Warnings).
Drobot, S.D., 2003: Long-Range Statistical Forecasting of Ice Severity in the Beaufort/Chukchi Sea. Weather and Forecasting, 18:1161–1176.
Storm Prediction Center Short-Range Ensemble Forecast Products
Theis, S., A. Hense, and U. Damrath, 2005: Probabilistic Precipitation Forecasts From a Deterministic Model: A Pragmatic Approach. Meteorological Applications 12: 257-268. (have PDF)

Research Methods

Krueger, RA and Casey, MA., 2000: Focus Groups: A Practical Guide for Applied Research. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications
Leung, MW, Yen, IH, and Minkler, M., 2004: Community-based participatory research: a promising approach for increasing epidemiology’s relevance in the 21st century. International Journal of Epidemiology. 33:499-506.

Surveys - Examples, Development, Sampling, etc.

Fredrickson, S.E., P.L. Heinselman, W.J. Gonzalez-Espada, and D. Zaras, 2005: Relative Humidity: What do students know about it?
Clark County Regional Flood Control District, 2004: 2004 Awareness of Flash Flooding Survey. 39 pp. (have PDF) Three-page summary available online.
Mason-Dixon Polling and Research, Inc. 2005: Coastal State Residents Fail Hurricane Safety Test.

Tornadoes

Ostuno, E., 2006: The April 3, 1956 tornadoes in Southwest Lower Michigan
Hammer, B. and T. Schmidlin, 2001: Vehicle-Occupant Deaths Caused by Tornadoes in the United States, 1900–1998. Environmental Hazards, 2:105–118.
Schmidlin, T., and P.S. King, 1996: Cars and Tornadoes: Where is the Research? Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society,77:963-964.

Vulnerability

Bhattacharya, J., T. DeLeire, S. Haider, and J. Currie, 2003: Heat or Eat? Cold Weather Shocks and Nutrition in Poor American Families. American Journal of Public Health, 93: 1149-1154.
Changnon, S., R. Pielke Jr., D. Changnon, R. Sylves, and R. Pulwarty, 2000: Human Factors Explain the Increased Losses from Weather and Climate Extremes. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 81: 437-442.
Cutter, S., 1996: Societal Vulnerability to Environmental Hazards. International Social Science Journal, 47: 525-536.
Cutter, S., B. Boruff, and W. Shirley, 2003: Social Vulnerability to Environmental Hazards. Social Science Quarterly, 84: 242-261. (have PDF)
Gaillard, J-C., R. D'erciker, and F. Leone, 2001: Cartography of Population Vulnerability to Volcanic Hazards and Lahars Of Mount Pinatubo (Philippines): A Case Study in the Pasig-Potrero River Basin (Province Of Papanga). Géomorphologie: Relief, Processus, Environnement.
Glantz, M., 2005: Hurricane Katrina Exposes a Myth About Vulnerability to Climate and Weather.
Pearlstein, S., 2005: Washington, The Nation's Weather Wimp. Washington Post, February 25.
Ruin, I. and C. Lutoff, 2004: Vulnérabilité face aux crues rapides et mobilités des populations en temps de crise (Flash-Flood Vulnerability and Population’s Mobility In Crisis Period). La Houille Blanche, 6:114-119. (have PDF)
Seager, J., 2005: Natural Disasters Expose Gender Divides.
Thouret, J-C. and R. D’ercole, 1996 : Vulnérabilité aux risques naturels en milieu urbain : effets, facteurs, et réponses sociales (Vulnerability to Natural Hazards in Urban Context: Effect, Factors and Social Responses. Cahier des sciences humaines, 32: 407-422. (have PDF)
Turner, B., P. Matson, J. McCarthy, R. Corell, L. Christensen, N. Eckley, G. Hovelsrud-Broda, J. Kasperson, R. Kasperson, A. Luers, M. Martello, S. Mathiesen, R. Naylor, C. Polsky, A. Pulsipher, A. Schiller, H. Selin, and N. Tyler, 2003: Illustrating the Coupled Human–Environment System for Vulnerability Analysis: Three Case Studies. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, 100: 8080-8085.
Wilhelmi, O.V. and D.A. Wilhite, 2002: Assessing Vulnerability to Agricultural Drought: A Nebraska Case Study. Natural Hazards, 25:37-58.

Warnings, Warning Response, False Alarms

Carsell, K., 2001: Impacts of a False Alarm: The January 29, 2000 Ventura, California Experience. Masters thesis available through interlibrary loan.
Dow, K. and S. Cutter, 1998. Crying Wolf: Repeat Responses to Hurricane
Evacuation Orders. Coastal Management 26: 237-252.
Legates, D. and M. Biddle, 1999: Warning Response and Risk Behavior in the Oak Grove - Birmingham, Alabama, Tornado of 8 April 1998. Quick Response Report #116.
National Science and Technology Council, 2000: Effective Disaster Warnings. Available online at tap.gallaudet.edu/EmergencyReports/EffectiveDisasterWarnings.pdf
Ruane, M. and C. Barr, 2005: Fickle Storm Defies Forecasts. Washington Post, March 1.

Miscellaneous

Banacos, P. and D. Schultz, 2005: The Use of Moisture Flux Convergence in Forecasting Convective Initiation: Historical and Operational Perspectives. Weather and Forecasting, 20: 351-366.
DiMaggio, P., E. Hargittai, W. Russell Neuman, and J. Robinson, 2001: The Social Implications of the Internet. Annual Review of Sociology, 27:307-336.

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